See chmiel on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielnica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielnik"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "polny chmiel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "chmiel"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"word": "hmiel"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Lasovia"
],
"word": "kmiel"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "chmiyl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*xъmèľь",
"etydate": "1399",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmiel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"chmiel\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь. First attested in 1399.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь. First attested in 1399.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielny"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielny)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 2 1 13 1 1 9 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 0 13 0 0 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 6 4 2 15 2 2 16 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 4 2 16 2 2 15 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1399], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 2090, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Ne darł chmelu Pelcze",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1902 [1401], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 52:",
"text": "Ian zalowal na Sandziuoia o chmel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1411], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1672, Płońsk:",
"text": "Yakom ya ne poczosal chmelu Wszeborowa",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
89
]
],
"ref": "1861 [1423], Józef Przyborowski, editor, Vetustissimam adiectivorum linguae Polonae declinationem monumentis ineditis illustravit, Greater Poland, page 16:",
"text": "Jaco czsso moy ludze wczandzaly wlodarza to wcządzaly w mem lesse prawem, a on rwe chmel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
17
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 1253, Zakroczym:",
"text": "O kthori ch[y]mel Andrzey na Marczina zalowal, o tho szø s nim uprauil, esze ne mal nan zalowacz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2634:",
"text": "Chmyel herba volubilis maior, humulus, lupulus",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2835:",
"text": "Chmel yolubilis, herba volubilis",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 492, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya Stanislawowi chmyelya nye widarl w gego lyessze",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 256:",
"text": "Corum chmyelyu",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 293:",
"text": "Medium coreum chmyelyu",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1463], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1162, Warsaw:",
"text": "Nye hycrathl hossmynacze corczy chmyely",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 40:",
"text": "De ch... asperato nulla est difficultas ut: chleb, chmeel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 914:",
"text": "Ch[y]myel humulus",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1494], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1764a, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya chmyelv yego nye sdarl s chleva yego gwalthem",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
38
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 61v:",
"text": "Humulus est quedam herba hopffe chmyel",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-zlw-opl-noun-BAkn5hgh",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish hapax legomena",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 2 1 13 1 1 9 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 0 13 0 0 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 6 4 2 15 2 2 16 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 4 2 16 2 2 15 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2804:",
"text": "Chmel sparagus, summitates tenere lupuli",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-zlw-opl-noun-TIWZEaUC",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
],
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland) hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"(hapax legomenon) hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xmʲiélʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xmʲiélʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmiel aromatyczny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmiel goryczkowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:chmiel",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *xъmèľь\nOld Polish chmiel\nPolish chmiel\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmiel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmiel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chmiel\">\nInherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *xъmèľь\nOld Polish chmiel\nPolish chmiel\nInherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielowy"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chmiel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"gens": "chmielu",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 2 1 13 1 1 9 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 1 19 1 1 11 27 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 0 0 5 0 0 33 8 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Beer",
"orig": "pl:Beer",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 16 3 13 3 3 8 9 10",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rosales order plants",
"orig": "pl:Rosales order plants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-BAkn5hgh",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-9CKSLqIl",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"synonym of nieporządek"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-8ugaxGYF",
"links": [
[
"nieporządek",
"nieporządek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) synonym of nieporządek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "artystyczny nieład"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "baby z dziadem brakuje"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bajzel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bałagan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bałaganik"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bardach"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bardak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "barłóg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bezład"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bezładność"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "burdel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "burdel na kółkach"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "chlew"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "dziada z babą brakuje"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "kibel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "kipisz"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "miszmasz"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "nieład"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "nieogar"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "nieporządek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "pobojowisko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "pieprznik"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "pierdolnik"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "Sodoma i Gomora"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "Sodoma z Gomorą"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "stajnia Augiasza"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "syf"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "śmietnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "nieporządek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 4 2 15 2 2 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 2 1 13 1 1 9 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 0 13 0 0 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 6 4 2 15 2 2 16 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 4 2 16 2 2 15 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 1 22 1 1 14 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 1 19 1 1 11 27 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 19 4 4 23 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 1 22 1 1 16 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 22 1 1 14 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "danina"
}
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-uJt1ep7h",
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"tribute",
"tribute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"synonym of trunek"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-XZD3iT3H",
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) synonym of trunek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "trunek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"synonym of trunek",
"synonym of piwo"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-spDaHkXA",
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
],
[
"piwo",
"piwo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) synonym of trunek",
"(obsolete) synonym of piwo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "piwo"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 1 0 10 0 0 24 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 4 2 15 2 2 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 6 4 2 15 2 2 16 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 4 2 16 2 2 15 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 1 22 1 1 14 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 1 19 1 1 11 27 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 19 4 4 23 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 1 22 1 1 16 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 22 1 1 14 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of upicie się"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-bLQsx5EW",
"links": [
[
"upicie się",
"upicie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) synonym of upicie się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "upicie się"
}
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Western Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "chmielić"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:chmiel",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *xъmèľь\nOld Polish chmiel\nPolish chmiel\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmiel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmiel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"chmiel\">\nInherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *xъmèľь\nOld Polish chmiel\nPolish chmiel\nInherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chmiel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ethnography",
"orig": "pl:Ethnography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 4 2 15 2 2 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 2 1 13 1 1 9 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 0 13 0 0 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 6 4 2 15 2 2 16 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 4 2 16 2 2 15 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 1 22 1 1 14 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 1 19 1 1 11 27 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 19 4 4 23 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 1 22 1 1 16 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 22 1 1 14 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-hfvczhrX",
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"song",
"song"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ethnography",
"orig": "pl:Ethnography",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 9 4 2 15 2 2 16 15 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Near Masovian Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 2 1 13 1 1 9 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 16 11 1 1 11 1 1 7 16 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 10 1 0 13 0 0 8 21 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 19 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 8 2 1 15 1 1 8 17 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 6 4 2 15 2 2 16 14 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Podlachia Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 12 8 4 2 16 2 2 15 13 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Western Kraków Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 20 1 1 13 25 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 3 1 22 1 1 14 24 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 2 1 19 1 1 11 27 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 4 19 4 4 23 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 1 22 1 1 16 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 1 22 1 1 14 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"id": "en-chmiel-pl-noun-c3f-IPKX",
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"dance",
"dance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Western Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Near Masovian Polish",
"Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish inanimate nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Podlachia Polish",
"Western Kraków Polish",
"pl:Beer",
"pl:Rosales order plants",
"zlw-opl:Rosales order plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielik"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielina"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielnica"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "chmielnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "polny chmiel"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "chmiel"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"word": "hmiel"
},
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"raw_tags": [
"Lasovia"
],
"word": "kmiel"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "chmiyl"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*xъmèľь",
"etydate": "1399",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"chmiel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"chmiel\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь. First attested in 1399.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xъmèľь. First attested in 1399.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chmielny",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "chmielny"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m inan (related adjective chmielny)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Sieradz-Łęczyca Old Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"ref": "1897 [1399], Teki Adolfa Pawińskiego, volume IV, number 2090, Łęczyca Land:",
"text": "Ne darł chmelu Pelcze",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
33
]
],
"ref": "1902 [1401], “Wybór zapisek sądowych grodzkich i ziemskich wielkopolskich z XV wieku”, in Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Studia, rozprawy i materiały z dziedziny historii polskiej i prawa polskiego, volume 6, Poznań, Pyzdry, Kościan, Gniezno, page 52:",
"text": "Ian zalowal na Sandziuoia o chmel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
27
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1411], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1672, Płońsk:",
"text": "Yakom ya ne poczosal chmelu Wszeborowa",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
89
]
],
"ref": "1861 [1423], Józef Przyborowski, editor, Vetustissimam adiectivorum linguae Polonae declinationem monumentis ineditis illustravit, Greater Poland, page 16:",
"text": "Jaco czsso moy ludze wczandzaly wlodarza to wcządzaly w mem lesse prawem, a on rwe chmel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
17
]
],
"ref": "1920 [1425], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume II, number 1253, Zakroczym:",
"text": "O kthori ch[y]mel Andrzey na Marczina zalowal, o tho szø s nim uprauil, esze ne mal nan zalowacz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2634:",
"text": "Chmyel herba volubilis maior, humulus, lupulus",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2835:",
"text": "Chmel yolubilis, herba volubilis",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
30
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 492, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya Stanislawowi chmyelya nye widarl w gego lyessze",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
14
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 256:",
"text": "Corum chmyelyu",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
22
]
],
"ref": "1921 [1455], Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editor, Procesy twórcze formowania się społeczeństwa polskiego w wiekach średnich, page 293:",
"text": "Medium coreum chmyelyu",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
39
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1463], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1162, Warsaw:",
"text": "Nye hycrathl hossmynacze corczy chmyely",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"ref": "1907 [c. 1470], Jakub Parkoszowic, edited by Jan Łoś, Traktat o ortografii polskiej, Żurawica, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Krakow, page 40:",
"text": "De ch... asperato nulla est difficultas ut: chleb, chmeel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
9
]
],
"ref": "1900 [1472], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 914:",
"text": "Ch[y]myel humulus",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
9,
16
]
],
"ref": "1950 [1494], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 1764a, Warsaw:",
"text": "Jakom ya chmyelv yego nye sdarl s chleva yego gwalthem",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
32,
38
]
],
"ref": "c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 61v:",
"text": "Humulus est quedam herba hopffe chmyel",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
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],
"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland; Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
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],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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"Lesser Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
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"ref": "1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2, number 2804:",
"text": "Chmel sparagus, summitates tenere lupuli",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hop (plant of species Humulus lupulus)",
"hop (flowers of the hop plant)"
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"Humulus lupulus",
"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
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[
"hop",
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"qualifier": "Greater Poland; Lesser Poland",
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],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/xmʲiélʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/xmʲiélʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
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"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
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"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
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"Polish terms with homophones",
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"pl:Beer",
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{
"tags": [
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"name": "ety"
}
],
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{
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]
},
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
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"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiel",
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"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
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"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
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"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
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]
}
],
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}
],
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],
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{
"parts": [
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}
],
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"2": "l",
"gens": "chmielu",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
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}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"hop"
],
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"Humulus lupulus#Translingual"
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"tags": [
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},
{
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
"synonym of nieporządek"
],
"links": [
[
"nieporządek",
"nieporządek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) synonym of nieporządek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "artystyczny nieład"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "baby z dziadem brakuje"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bajzel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bałagan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bałaganik"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bardach"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bardak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "barłóg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bezład"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "bezładność"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "burdel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "burdel na kółkach"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "chlew"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "dziada z babą brakuje"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "kibel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "kipisz"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "miszmasz"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "nieład"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "nieogar"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "nieporządek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "pobojowisko"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "pieprznik"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "pierdolnik"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "Sodoma i Gomora"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "Sodoma z Gomorą"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "stajnia Augiasza"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "syf"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:nieporządek",
"word": "śmietnik"
},
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "nieporządek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "danina"
}
],
"links": [
[
"hop",
"hop"
],
[
"tribute",
"tribute"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) hop tribute (tribute of hops, given to a court by its subjects)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of trunek"
],
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) synonym of trunek"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "trunek"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of trunek",
"synonym of piwo"
],
"links": [
[
"trunek",
"trunek#Polish"
],
[
"piwo",
"piwo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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"(obsolete) synonym of piwo"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "piwo"
}
],
"tags": [
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"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of upicie się"
],
"links": [
[
"upicie się",
"upicie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "upicie się"
}
],
"tags": [
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"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
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"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Western Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
{
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"derived": [
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"tags": [
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"word": "chmielić"
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"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *xъmèľь\nOld Polish chmiel\nPolish chmiel\nInherited from Old Polish chmiel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmieli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
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"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielem",
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chmielu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chmiele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"form": "kmiel",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "chmiel m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"chmiel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"chmiel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chmie",
"2": "l",
"noms": "chmiel"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Ethnography"
],
"glosses": [
"veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"song",
"song"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil song (folk wedding song, sung during the ceremony of pinning the bride's veil)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Ethnography"
],
"glosses": [
"veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"links": [
[
"ethnography",
"ethnography"
],
[
"veil",
"veil"
],
[
"dance",
"dance"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ethnography) veil dance (dance in accompaniment these songs in which the bride dances with all the guests)"
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"anthropology",
"ethnography",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjɛl/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxmjel/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Central Greater Poland"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Near Masovian"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛlʲ]",
"note": "Podlachia"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈxmjɛl]",
"note": "Western Kraków"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
},
{
"homophone": "Chmiel"
}
],
"word": "chmiel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chmiel meaning in All languages combined (20.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Sieradz-Łęczyca, Greater Poland, Masovia, Lesser Poland",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: hapax legomenon",
"path": [
"chmiel"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chmiel",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.